Composite steel–concrete
Shear connectors make steel and concrete act together, combining bending strength, stiffness, fire resistance, and construction speed.
Composite beams, columns, and metal-deck slabs use steel for tension and erection loads, with concrete adding compression, stiffness, and protection.
Stud layout, casting sequence, and shore removal turn the analytical assumption of composite action into physical behavior.
The method is common in offices, bridges, and parking structures seeking shallower floors and longer spans.
Fire protection, corrosion, shrinkage, and long-term deflection must be considered. Composite action depends on the connection detail.
