Architects
41 architects
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Adrian Smith
A skyscraper architect who led major SOM projects including the Burj Khalifa.
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Alvar Aalto
A pioneer of humane modernism whose work joins timber, curves, and Nordic sensibility.
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Anthemius of Tralles and Isidore of Miletus
The mathematician and architect who designed Hagia Sophia under Justinian.
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Antoni Gaudí
The leading Catalan Modernisme architect, combining natural forms with structural experiment.
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Bruce Graham
An SOM skyscraper architect known for the bundled-tube Willis, formerly Sears, Tower.
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Carlo Scarpa
A master of material joints and architectural adaptation, best represented by Castelvecchio Museum.
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Daniel Libeskind
An architect who gives spatial form to memory through zigzags and voids, notably at the Jewish Museum Berlin.
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Eero Saarinen
A postwar American architect known for fluid and monumental forms such as the TWA terminal and Gateway Arch.
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Frank Gehry
An architect whose irregular metal surfaces produced the Bilbao effect.
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Frank Lloyd Wright
An architect who shaped twentieth-century American architecture through organic architecture and the Prairie School.
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Gerrit Rietveld
A De Stijl architect and furniture designer, best known for the Schröder House.
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Gordon Bunshaft
An SOM modernist who led projects including Lever House and Beinecke Library.
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Gustave Eiffel
An engineer of iron bridges and towers who made industrial structural beauty visible through the Eiffel Tower.
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I. M. Pei
A modernist who designed museums and civic buildings through geometry and light.
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Ictinus and Callicrates
Classical Athenian architects traditionally credited with the Parthenon.
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Jean Nouvel
An architect who interprets light, screens, and urban context differently in each project, including the Institut du Monde Arabe and Louvre Abu Dhabi.
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Jørn Utzon
Designer of the Sydney Opera House, whose shell roofs created a twentieth-century landmark.
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Joseph Paxton
A gardener and engineer who demonstrated prefabricated iron-and-glass construction through the Crystal Palace.
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Kengo Kuma
An architect who explores “weak architecture” through light materials such as timber and bamboo, represented by Nezu Museum.
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Kenzo Tange
An architect and planner who led postwar Japanese modernism and the discourse of Metabolism.
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Le Corbusier
A figure who led global debates on cities and housing through the Five Points of Modern Architecture and the Modulor.
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Lina Bo Bardi
An architect who experimented with public life and display in Brazil, most iconically at MASP.
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Louis Kahn
An architect who renewed monumental modernism through light, structure, and the distinction between served and servant spaces.
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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
A modernist who explored transparent space through steel and glass under the maxim “less is more.”
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Medieval master builders
A study entry for the masons and master builders who led Gothic cathedral construction.
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Norman Foster
A studio architect who links structural expression and sustainability through High-Tech design.
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Oscar Niemeyer
A defining figure of Latin American modernism, known for curved concrete and the civic architecture of Brasília.
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Peter Zumthor
An architect of material, atmosphere, and silence, best known for Therme Vals and Kolumba.
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Philip Johnson
A promoter and practitioner of modernism whose career ranged from the Glass House to Postmodern corporate architecture.
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Rem Koolhaas
An architect and theorist who has shaped contemporary discourse through urban research, program, and OMA.
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Renzo Piano
An architect who brings High-Tech construction and precise detailing to museums, airports, and towers.
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Richard Meier
A modernist who used white geometry and light in houses and museums, most prominently the Getty Center.
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Richard Rogers
A leader of inside-out High-Tech architecture through the Pompidou collaboration and Lloyd’s Building.
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Robert Venturi
An architect who opened Postmodern debate through Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture and the Vanna Venturi House.
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Roman Imperial architecture
A study entry for Roman public and religious architecture around the age of Hadrian, represented by the Pantheon.
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SANAA
The studio of Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa, known for light structures and transparency in museums and schools.
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Steven Holl
An architect who designs through light and phenomenology, notably at the Chapel of St. Ignatius.
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Tadao Ando
An architect who creates quiet spaces through exposed concrete and geometries of light and water. His Korean works include Museum SAN.
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Toyo Ito
A contemporary architect of light structures and media-oriented public space, represented by Sendai Mediatheque.
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Walter Gropius
Founder of the Bauhaus, who realized modern design education in the Dessau building.
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Zaha Hadid
An architect who expanded late modern and digital design through fluid form and parametric language.