Seismic design systems
Seismic systems resist earthquake energy, isolate the building from it, or dissipate vibration.
Conventional seismic design uses ductile members, shear walls, and braces to absorb energy while preventing collapse.
Base isolation places bearings between foundations and superstructure to reduce transmitted ground motion, often for museums, hospitals, and data centers.
Dampers and damped outriggers convert movement into heat or friction and also control wind response in towers.
Selection depends on soil, period, importance, and cost. Anchors and fuse elements in the built details matter as much as calculations.
