Cantilever

A structure fixed at one end and projecting freely at the other.

A beam, slab, or balcony that projects from one support instead of spanning between columns is a cantilever. The fixed end carries large bending moments and shear, so section depth, reinforcement, prestressing, or steel trusses provide stiffness.

Cantilevers readily create floating horizontal planes. Excessive projection is sensitive to deflection, vibration, drainage, and construction tolerance.

Fallingwater’s balconies and MASP’s long span are familiar examples. When support appears absent, substantial structure is usually hidden at the fixed side.