Formwork & falsework
Temporary molds and supports carry wet concrete until it gains strength, and determine exposed-concrete quality.
Conventional plywood, table forms, gang forms, slipforms, and jumpforms suit different cycles. Tower cores commonly use climbing systems.
In exposed concrete, panel divisions, tie holes, and joints become the elevation. Formwork is a design instrument.
Stripping time, strength gain, deflection, and support safety are directly linked to failure. Early removal causes long-term sag and cracking.
Nonstandard forms are costly, so reuse, digital cutting, and permanent formwork require early strategy.
